A pulmonologist is a specialty physician whose focus is the diagnosis, management and treatment of diseases involving the respiratory system. Because the respiratory system is closely related to cardiology (the area of medicine that focuses on the heart and circulation system), some pulmonologists may also be adept at managing cardiac conditions that are directly related to pulmonary disease. Pulmonologists are often specialists in critical care and treat very sick patients in ICU settings who require mechanical ventilation in order to breathe.

Gynecologists and obstetricians are both medical doctors who are specifically trained in the treatment of the uterus, vagina, and general reproductive system. Gynecologists specialize in the standard care for the reproductive system. Obstetricians, on the other hand, specialize in all aspects of pregnancy, from prenatal to after delivery. As with most physicians, these doctors attend medical school to receive their certification in Internal Medicine or Pediatrics..

General anesthesia brings on a sleep-like state with the use of a combination of medicines. The medicines, known as anesthetics, are given before and during surgery or other medical procedures. General anesthesia usually uses a combination of intravenous medicines and inhaled gasses. You'll feel as though you're asleep. But general anesthesia does more than put you to sleep. You don't feel pain when you're under general anesthesia. This is because your brain doesn't respond to pain signals or reflexes.

Pediatric surgeons are doctors who specialize in treating children. They’re trained to do operations on infants, children, and young adults.Children aren’t like adult patients. They can’t always describe what’s going on, so it can be challenging for doctors to communicate with them about medical issues. Depending on their age, they might not even realize what’s happening. Pediatric surgeons know how to make children feel comfortable and communicate with them.

General surgeons are doctors who specialize in surgical procedures. Surgery is any procedure that alters body tissues to diagnose or treat a medical condition. A general surgeon is part of a surgical team that also includes an anesthesiologist, nurses, and surgical technicians. You’ll talk to the surgeon about the procedure prior to surgery Some surgeries require surgeons who specialize in certain things, like cardiac (heart) surgeons or neurosurgeons (brain surgeons), but not all. That’s why there are general surgeons. A general surgeon has specialized knowledge of the entire surgical process, from the initial evaluation through preparation, procedure, and post-operative management.

Dermatology is a special area of medicine that focuses on conditions that affect your skin. In addition to your skin, dermatology also includes conditions that affect your nails, hair, and the delicate lining of your eyelids, nose, and mouth. Your skin is your body’s largest organ. It contains nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, pores, blood vessels, and many other structures. Caring for it is important to your overall health. While general practitioners and internal medicine doctors may be able to diagnose and treat these same conditions.

ENT stands for ear, nose and throat, three connected areas above the neckline that these physicians focus on. The specialty's official name is otolaryngology, and the specialist is an otolaryngologist, but for patients, it’s easier to use the common acronym ENT for ear, nose and throat. Healthy ears, noses and throats allow us to take in the world around us and communicate what we perceive to others. The ears, nose and throat are also all connected to each other through an intricate web of tubes and passages.